考古学, 本领域期刊类期刊, -365足球

this study applies bayesian chronological modeling to 16 new ams radiocarbon dates on short-lived botanical remains and wood-charcoal recovered from the archaeological site ahatsistari, a seventeenth-century huron-wendat village located in simcoe county in ontario, canada. the modeled radiocarbon dates provide an independent time frame for understanding site phase and sequence, compatibility with historically

earth oven baking pits are common occurrences within the indigenous archaeological record of north america, yet archaeologists have paid minimal attention to evaluating how earth oven technology varies over the long term. the extensively sampled record of thermal features from wyoming represents a unique opportunity to evaluate changes in earth oven technology through time and consider how earth ovens

the incidence of a disease in a given period might be underestimated due to various factors, such as its non-endemic nature, variations in the pathocenoses, difficulty in establishing its aetiology, or changes in environmental factors related to its presence and development in a specific territory. among these, we can consider fluorosis, a bone and dental disease resulting from excessive fluoride accumulation

although textual and archaeological sources inform us about the importance of river transport in protohistory, antiquity, and the middle ages, integrating it into studies of ancient mobility remains a challenge. empirical navigability studies are time-consuming and are only feasible for rivers well-documented by historical, archaeological, and palaeogeographical studies.

the transformation of the birnirk culture into the thule culture is essential in reconstructing the emergence of modern inuit across alaska and the larger bering strait. to this end, two adjacent semi-subterranean houses of late birnirk and early thule affiliation, respectively, at the rising whale (ktz-304) site at cape espenberg were recently excavated and dated by radiocarbon and tree-ring measurements

worldbuilding is a concept that has been used to describe the creation of immersive landscapes in fiction and games and is deeply resonant with archaeological knowledge construction. this article argues for worldbuilding in archaeology as a creative intervention that encourages an exploration of archaeological data throughout the process of creation, interpretation and dissemination to generate past

a commonly-used paradigm to estimate changes in the frequency of past events or the size of populations is to consider the occurrence rate of archaeological/environmental samples found at a site over time. the reliability of such a “dates-as-data” approach is highly dependent upon how the occurrence rates are estimated from the underlying samples, particularly when calendar age information for the

archaeologists have long investigated the rise of inequality in prehistoric europe. i argue that images of steadily increasing inequality are usually based on cherry-picking outstanding cases and selectively interpreting the results. based on a large-scale qualitative assessment of the central mediterranean, i make two claims. first, a broad review of evidence suggests that social inequality was not

late, large-brained humans such as homo sapiens, denisovans and neanderthals are/were obligatory tool users. making and using technology requires attention. the archaeological record may thus contain aspects of how people were able to allocate and regulate attention, but few technologies have been studied in this context. here i use a neuro-genetic triangulation approach consisting of: a) an overlap

rituals are sites of personal and social transformations. however, we still do not have a sophisticated theory for how these rituals were embedded and generated within specific political economies, nor how communities used ritual activities to conceptualize the cosmos. this paper develops a theoretical framework exploring pragmatism and materialism to articulate the relationship between imperial political

we herein report the results of archaeoparasitological research on dog paleofeces from the early holocene zhokhov site located in the new siberian islands of arctic east siberia about 8500–9000 years ago. we aimed to 1) determine parasitic diseases of dogs through archaeoparasitological analysis of their excrement, 2) establish possible routes of infestation, and 3) use the obtained data to reconstruct

tell settlements often provide a unique window into prehistoric lifeways due to remarkable preservation and safeguarding from modern disturbances. vésztő-mágor in hungary is one such tell with stratigraphy, features and finds that reflect thousands of years of prehistoric settlement. in 2021, the vésztő-mágor conservation and exhibition program began the work of stabilizing, documenting and preserving

all societies throughout time have shown a greater or lesser degree of superstition when facing the traumatic event of death. roman society was no exception, especially when numerous religious currents participated in the funerary rituals, sharing their own conception and beliefs. the following lines present a brief overview of children’s death, especially premature ones, from the early imperial to

‘giant’ handaxes are a widely recognized but infrequently investigated phenomenon of the acheulean period. the scale of their distribution and the selective pressures underpinning their production are not well explored. here, we report new data from a large-scale experimental study that identifies the point at which handaxes become too large to use with a single hand, alongside a review of known acheulean

in the american southwest and northern mexico, it has long been argued that ceramic vessels with exterior surfaces that are covered with small nodes are datura seed pod effigies. datura is a genus of flowering plants containing psychoactive alkaloids that, when consumed, can induce hallucinations. scholars have argued that these noded vessels were part of a ritual complex originating in mexico and

as the most numerous manifestations of technology across the palaeolithic record, linking stone tool artefacts to past hominin cognition and expertise represents a major pursuit of human origins researchers. acheulean handaxes are of special interest as the earliest tools with clear design modalities, along with their presence spanning major evolutionary events of the homo genus between 1.8 and 0.2

the conceptual framework of attached and independent production has long shaped archaeological studies of ancient craft organization. while this dichotomy is often regarded as an oversimplification, the nuanced variations within ancient craft production systems remain insufficiently explored. this study addresses the complexities of attached production through a case study of the luomaqiao kiln site

for the study of carved rock art, particular tool materials can only be meaningfully hypothesized, identified, or excluded by combining traceological analyses with an accurate understanding of the physical-mechanical properties of the carved rock as well as knowledge of the available tool materials from an archaeological, material analytical, and experimental point of view. the aim of this study was

the archaeometallurgical literature on india can be broadly separated into the study of the composition and manufacturing of metal artefacts, the geological provenancing of metal objects primarily using lead isotope abundance ratios, and the study of production technologies as represented by remains related to the smelting and alloying of the metals used; this review covers the latter. beginning with

the carbon (c) and nitrogen (n) stable isotope systems (expressed as δ13c and δ15n values) are used extensively in archaeology to study food chains, diet and subsistence practices. however, the variability of δ13c and δ15n values in different types of landscape is often underestimated leading to calls to consider these values in archaeological contexts as isoscapes. i investigate the relation between

forgetting, an attendant to culture change, is the stuff of history. when cultural innovations, exchange and adoption occur, previous customs, knowledge, technology and other dimensions of culture are often lost—they are forgotten. this paper considers the phenomenon of forgetting and its permutations—the passive forgetting that is more or less an accepted outcome of change, the unintentional forgetting

this paper asks how an ontological perspective on late nordic bronze age art can advance archaeological interpretation of the ornamentation on personal objects used and carried directly on human bodies. to this end, the theoretical concepts perspectivism and ontological alterity are operationalized as an alternative to epistemological approaches to art. this entails framing the art on personal objects

lidar technology is reshaping cave surveying by providing detailed 3d models that enhance the accuracy of morphological and rock art digitisation and reduce subjective interpretation. this technology, in its varied forms and solely or combined with other remote sensing techniques such as photogrammetry, enriches the documentation and supports multidisciplinary research by enabling spatial analyses

the quantification of adaptive cycles in complex systems remains a significant challenge, particularly in archaeological contexts where traditional approaches rely heavily on qualitative assessments. this paper presents panarch (phase analysis of network adaptive research & complex hierarchies), a methodological framework that integrates four complementary entropy measures—degree, eigenvector, community

oysters (ostreidae) are ecological and cultural keystone species that have been exploited by humans for millennia. oyster size is a good proxy for population health, and researchers frequently use valve height and length measurements from archaeological and paleontological contexts that provide historical ecological baselines with potential to inform present-day management around the world. oyster

this article presents the results of a provenance study of the marbles used for 58 sculptures from the excavations of the athenian agora (greece), including numerous unfinished works. the sculptures were preselected for analysis because they did not match the visual characteristics of local pentelic marble. all sculptures were studied noninvasively with a standard light source, and measurements of

this study introduces a semi-automated toolset for the generation of virtual cross-sections from 3d models of hand-made asymmetrical vessels. the toolset is presented through the analysis of early medieval slavic pottery, with a particular focus on prague-type ceramics. developed using both visual and standard programming languages, the toolset extracts key morphometric attributes from 3d scanned pottery

understanding mobility of past hunter-gatherer populations requires dynamic approaches which incorporate uncertainty. least cost models assume complete knowledge of the terrain on the part of the traveller, while ethnographic examples tend to be specific to the groups and territories studied. most least cost models also assume that origin points, destination points, or both, are known in advance, limiting

how people interact socially and transmit their knowledge from generation to generation leads to different habits and traditions. when these traditions are about pottery-making techniques, these differences may have left a quantifiable trace in the remaining cultural material. however, linking the differences observed in the archaeological record with social learning strategies and how production techniques

collagen is a common component found in the degradation residues of gelatine, leather, and food. the rapid detection of collagen at archaeological sites and in residues is of significant importance to scientific archaeology. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) is a crucial method for detecting proteins in archaeological materials. in this study, three types of polyclonal antibodies were prepared

the study of ancient dna (adna) has revolutionised the fields of archaeology, human evolution and paleoecology, offering new insights into the past. in particular, adna can be used to study the origin of unique archaeological artefacts and adds an exciting line of evidence to the multifaceted research of these artefacts. however, adna methodology requires thorough consideration due to the inherent

despite recent advances in the scholarship of history and architectural history, the practice of urban slavery is distinctly understudied in north american archaeology in contrast to plantation archaeologies. this is due largely to the fundamental challenge of investigating urban households, where many individuals of differing social and economic status (free and unfree, black and white) occupy the

this study examines geographic origins of basketry, animal and human grave offerings (including a feline trophy head, camelid bone instruments and human trophy heads) interred as grave goods at the cemetery of uraca in the majes valley, arequipa, peru during the early intermediate period to middle horizon (c. 100 bce–750 ce). we aim to identify whether any of these human or non-human beings or artifacts

the phaleron cemetery was one of the most important burial sites in archaic attica (8th–5th centuries bce). its burials include individuals showing signs of captivity (i.e., evidence of physical restraints) and are believed to potentially represent executed prisoners. this study reassesses the previously proposed presence of perimortem cranial trauma in these distinctive individuals, based on independent

the prehistoric rock-art record of the altai mountains (western mongolia) extends from the late palaeolithic (c. 12,000 bp) through the end of the bronze age (c. 2800–800 bp) and into the early centuries of the iron age (late first millennium bce). within that ancient tradition, the image of the elk (cervus elaphus sibiricus) had the longest duration of any animal imagery; but over the millennia it

this article is an exploration of how christian influences manifested in indigenous rock art, comparing two distinct case studies: western arnhem land in northern australia and the southern andes in north-central chile. the analysis aims to understand the intersection between indigenous artistic traditions and the introduction of christianity through european colonization. our comparative analysis

bioerosive patterns in bone microstructure appear as microscopic focal destructions (mfd). various hypotheses exist concerning the origin of mfd in bone microstructure. it is still discussed where exactly the decomposing bacteria originate from and the multiple factors that affect the bacterial bioerosion process. formerly, it was hypothesised that the bacteria originate in the intestinal tract, which

this study investigates past human presence at cave sites by analysing faecal biomarkers—specifically sterols, bile acids and phosphorus—and compares the results with available archaeological data. the research concentrates on seven sites in the kraków-częstochowa upland (s poland): biśnik cave, bramka rockshelter, ciasna cave, łabajowa cave, łokietka cave, sąspowska zachodnia cave, and shelter in

this paper investigates the effects of terrestrial vs. marine resources and population expansion on sex differences in the consumption of protein among hunter-gatherers. we propose that differences in protein consumption emerge under conditions of greater specialization on terrestrial resources and population expansion. consistent with this hypothesis, hunter-gatherers in pre-contact texas display

medieval elite culture is often difficult to grasp among archaeological records from settlement sites. a silver-gilt amethyst setting, probably part of a brooch, from the moat of castle kolno in poland represents an unusual high-status find from a context related to everyday activity.

humboldt bay, california, mirrors many coastal estuaries impacted by historical development and climate change, leading to biodiversity loss. disintegrating habitats also affect local indigenous communities, whose deep-rooted histories include stewardship of these biologically and culturally essential places. understanding human-fisheries dynamics is crucial for biocultural restoration. we present

glacial isostatic adjustment produces challenges and opportunities for northern archaeology. landscapes, coastlines, and lake shores have undergone continual change due to sea-level rise, land uplift, tilting, and water drainage. simulating the combined effect brings to life a veritable geographic clockwork, which frames human habitation. in landscape archaeology the effect has usually been modelled